निश्चयं श्रृणु मे तत्र त्यागे भरतसत्तम।
त्यागो हि पुरुषव्याघ्र त्रिविधः संप्रकीर्तितः।।18.4।।
।।18.4।।(टिप्पणी प0 871.2) हे भरतवंशियोंमें श्रेष्ठ अर्जुन तू संन्यास और त्याग -- इन दोनोंमेंसे पहले त्यागके विषयमें मेरा निश्चय सुन क्योंकि हे पुरुषश्रेष्ठ त्याग तीन प्रकारका कहा गया है।
18.4 Bharata-sattama, O the most excellent among the descendants of Bharata; srnu, hear, understand; me, from Me, from My statement; niscayam, the firm conclusion; tatra tyage, regarding that tyaga, regarding these alternative veiws on tyaga and sannyasa as they have been shown. Hi, for; purusavyaghra, O greatest among men; tyagah, tyaga; samprakirtitah, has been clearly declared, has been distinctly spoken of in the scriptures; to be trividhah, of three kinds, threefold, under the classes of tamasa (those based on tamas [Tamas: darkness, mental darkness, ignorance; one of the three alities of everything in Nature. Also see 14.8, and note under 2.45.-Tr.], etc. The Lord has used the word tyaga with the idea that the (primary) meanings of tyaga and sannyasa are verily the same. Since it is difficult to comprehend this idea, that the primary meanings of the words tyaga and sannyasa can be threefold under the classification based on tamas etc. in the case of one who is unenlightened and who is alified for rites and duties-but not in the case of one who has realized the supreme Goal-,therefore no one else is capable of speaking the truth in this connection. Hence, listen to the firm conclusion of the Lord with regard to the supreme Truth as revealved by the scriptures. Which, again, is this firm conclusion? In reply the Lord says:
18.4 See Comment under 18.11
18.4 Regarding contradictory versions on Tyaga among disputants, listen from Me My decision. Tyaga has been described by Me in respect of actions prescribed by the scriptures from three points of view: (1) as referring to fruits, (2) as referring to acts themselves and, (3) as referring to agency. It is contained in the statement, Surrendering all your actions to Me with a mind focussed on the self, and Free from desire and selfishness and cured of fever - fight (3.30). The renunciation of fruits consists in the following manner. Heaven and such other results arising from acts do not belong to Me. Renunciation of acts is complete abandonment of the sense of possession in regard to ones acts. This sense of possession is of the following nature: Those acts are mine on account of their being the means for fruits which are to be mine. Renunciation referring to agency is the renunciation of agency of oneself by ascribing the agency to the Lord of all.
Nishchayam shrinu me tatra tyaage bharatasattama; Tyaago hi purushavyaaghra trividhah samprakeertitah.
niśhchayam—conclusion; śhṛiṇu—hear; me—my; tatra—there; tyāge—about renunciation of desires for enjoying the fruits of actions; bharata-sat-tama—best of the Bharatas; tyāgaḥ—renunciation of desires for enjoying the fruits of actions; hi—indeed; puruṣha-vyāghra—tiger amongst men; tri-vidhaḥ—of three kinds; samprakīrtitaḥ—declared
