श्रोत्रादीनीन्द्रियाण्यन्ये संयमाग्निषु जुह्वति।
शब्दादीन्विषयानन्य इन्द्रियाग्निषु जुह्वति।।4.26।।
।।4.26।।अन्य योगीलोग श्रोत्रादि समस्त इन्द्रियोंका संयमरूप अग्नियोंमें हवन किया करते हैं और दूसरे योगीलोग शब्दादि विषयोंका इन्द्रियरूप अग्नियोंमें हवन किया करते हैं।
।।4.26।। अन्य (योगीजन) श्रोत्रादिक सब इन्द्रियों को संयमरूप अग्नि में हवन करते हैं और अन्य (लोग) शब्दादिक विषयों को इन्द्रियरूप अग्नि में हवन करते हैं।।
।।4.26।। व्याख्या श्रोत्रादीनीन्द्रियाण्यन्ये संयमाग्निषु जुह्वति यहाँ संयमरूप अग्नियोंमें इन्द्रियोंकी आहुति देनेको यज्ञ कहा गया है। तात्पर्य यह है कि एकान्तकालमें श्रोत्र त्वचा नेत्र रसना और घ्राण ये पाँचों इन्द्रियाँ अपनेअपने विषयों (क्रमशः शब्द स्पर्श रूप रस और गन्ध) की ओर बिलकुल प्रवृत्त न हों। इन्द्रियाँ संयमरूप ही बन जायँ।पूरा संयम तभी समझना चाहिये जब इन्द्रियाँ मन बुद्धि तथा अहम् इन सबमेंसे रागआसक्तिका सर्वथा अभाव हो जाय (गीता 2। 58 59 68)।शब्दादीन्विषयानन्य इन्द्रियाग्निषु जुह्वति शब्द स्पर्श रूप रस और गन्ध ये पाँच विषय हैं। विषयोंका इन्द्रियरूप अग्नियोंमें हवन करनेसे वह यज्ञ हो जाता है। तात्पर्य यह है कि व्यवहारकालमें विषयोंका इन्द्रियोंसे संयोग होते रहनेपर भी इन्द्रियोंमें कोई विकार उत्पन्न न हो (गीता 2। 64 65)। इन्द्रियाँ रागद्वेषसे रहित हो जायँ। इन्द्रियोंमें रागद्वेष उत्पन्न करनेकी शक्ति विषयोंमें रहे ही नहीं।इस श्लोकमें कहे गये दोनों प्रकारके यज्ञोंमें रागआसक्तिका सर्वथा अभाव होनेपर ही सिद्धि (परमात्मप्राप्ति) होती है। रागआसक्तिको मिटानेके लिये ही दो प्रकारकी प्रक्रियाका यज्ञरूपसे वर्णन किया गया है पहली प्रक्रियामें साधक एकान्तकालमें इन्द्रियोंका संयम करता है। विवेकविचार जपध्यान आदिसे इन्द्रियोंका संयम होने लगता है। पूरा संयम होनेपर जब रागका अभाव हो जाता है तब एकान्तकाल और व्यवहारकाल दोनोंमें उसकी समान स्थिति रहती है।दूसरी प्रक्रियामें साधक व्यवहारकालमें रागद्वेषरहित इन्द्रियोंसे व्यवहार करते हुए मन बुद्धि और अहम्से भी रागद्वेषका अभाव कर देता है। रागका अभाव होनेपर व्यवहारकाल और एकान्तकाल दोनोंमें उसकी समान स्थिति रहती है।
।।4.26।। सुपरिचित वैदिक यज्ञ के रूपक के द्वारा यहां सब यज्ञों अर्थात् साधनाओं का निरूपण अर्जुन के लिये किया गया है। यज्ञ विधि में देवताओं का अनुग्रह प्राप्त करने के लिये अग्नि में आहुतियाँ दी जाती थीं। इस रूपक के द्वारा यह दर्शाया गया है कि इस विधि में न केवल आहुति भस्म हो जाती है बल्कि उसके साथ ही देवता का आशीर्वाद भी प्राप्त होता है। आत्मज्ञानी पुरुष अथवा साधकगण श्रोत्रादि इन्द्रियों की आहुति संयमाग्नि में देते हैं अर्थात् वे आत्मसंयम का जीवन जीते हैं। इस प्रकार इन्द्रियों की बहिर्मुखी प्रवृत्ति भस्म हो जाती है और साधक को आन्तरिक स्वातन्त्र्य का आनन्द भी प्राप्त होता है। यह एक सुविदित तथ्य है कि इन्द्रियों को जितना अधिक सन्तुष्ट रखने का प्रयत्न हम करते हैं वे उतनी ही अधिक प्रमथनशील होकर हमारी शान्ति को लूट ले जाती हैं। आत्मसंयम की साधना के अभ्यास के द्वारा ही साधक को ध्यान की योग्यता प्राप्त होती हैं।इस श्लोक की प्रथम पंक्ति में इन्द्रिय संयम का उपदेश है तो दूसरी पंक्ति में मनसंयम का। इन्द्रियों के द्वारा बाह्य विषयों की संवेदनाएं प्राप्त करके ही मन का अस्तित्व बना रहता है। जहां शब्दस्पर्शादि पाँच विषयों का ग्रहण नहीं होता वहां मन कार्य कर ही नहीं सकता। इसलिये विषयों से मन को अप्रभावित रखने की साधना यहां बतायी गयी है जिसके अभ्यास से ध्यानाभ्यास के लिये आवश्यक मन की स्थिरता प्राप्त की जा सकती है। जिस पुरुष ने मन को पूर्ण रूप से संयमित कर लिया है उसके विषय में भगवान् कहते हैं अन्य (साधक) शब्दादिक विषयों को इन्द्रियाग्नि में आहुति देते हैं।प्रथम विधि में विषयों की संवेदनाओं को इन्द्रियों के प्रवेश द्वार पर ही संयमित किया जाता है जबकि दूसरी विधि में (अभ्यांतर में ) मन के सूक्ष्मतर स्तर पर उन्हें नियन्त्रित करने की साधना है।और भी दूसरे प्रकार के यज्ञ बताते हुए भगवान् कहते हैं
4.26 Others offer the organs, viz ear etc., in the fires of self-control. Others offer the objects, viz sound etc., in the fires of the organs.
4.26 Some again offer the organ of hearing and other senses as sacrifice in the fire of restraint; others offer sound and other objects of the senses as sacrifice in the fire of the senses.
4.26. [Yet] others offer the sense-organs like sense-of-hearing and the rest into the fiires of [their] restrainer; others offer the objects like sound and the rest into the fires of the sense-organs.
4.26 श्रोत्रादीनि इन्द्रियाणि organ of hearing and other senses? अन्ये others? संयमाग्निषु in the fire of restraint? जुह्वति sacrifice? शब्दादीन् विषयान् senseobjects such as sound? etc.? अन्ये others? इन्द्रियाग्निषु in the fire of the senses? जुह्वति sacrifice.Commentary Some Yogis are constantly engaged in restraining the senses. They gather their senses under the guidance of the Self and do not allow them to come in contact with the sensual objects. This is also an act of sacficie. Others direct their senses only to the pure and unforbidden objects of the senses. This is also a kind of sacrifice.
4.26 Anye, others, other yogis; juhvati, offer; indriyani, the organs; viz srotradini, car etc.; samyama-agnisu, in the fires of self-control. The plural (in fires) is used because self-control is possible in respect of each of the organs. Self-control itself is the fire. In that they make the offering, i.e. they practise control of the organs. anye, others; juhvati, offer; visayan, the objects; sabdadin, viz sound etc.; indriyagnisu, in the fires of the organs. The organs themselves are the fires. They make offerings in those fires with the organs of hearing etc. They consider the perception of objects not prohibited by the scriputures to be a sacrifice.
4.26 Srotradini etc. But others [offer] the sense-organs into the fires of the restrainer. Restrainer : the mind. Its fires are the tongues of flame that are in the form of subdued views of objects and are capable of burning up desires. Into them they offer the sense-organs. Hence, they are the performers of penance-sacrifices. Still others offer objects into the fires of sense-organs that are fully set-blaze by wisdom and that are capable of burning up the fruits [of actions]. I.e., they seek enjoyment only for destroying the [past] mental impression of differences [between the enjoyer and the objects of enjoyment]. This is the secret and sacred truth. Hence I (Ag.) have myself stated in the laghvi Prakriya (the Little Process) as : The object of enjoyment does not manifest as different from you, the enjoyer. Because, it is the [process of] enjoyment that itself is the identification (or unity) of hte enjoyer and the object of enjoyment. In the [work] Spanda also [it has been said] : It is the enjoyer himself who remains in all the instances and at all times, in the form of the object of enjoyment.
4.26 Others endeavour towards the restraint of the senses like ear and the rest, i.e., keep themselves away from the objects pleasing to the senses. Other Yogins endeavour to prevent the attachment of the senses to sound and other objects of the senses, i.e., they abstain from the sense objects even when they are allowed to be near, by the discriminative process of belittling their valure and enjoyable nature.
Others, naisthiki brahmancaris, offer the senses such as ear into the fires of the controlled mind. This means that the senses completely disappear in the pure mind. Others, less controlled brahmacaris, offer the sense objects such as sound into fires of the senses. The sense objects disappear in the senses.
Lord Krishna continues stating that others like the Brahmacaris or those practising celibacy offer each particular sense as a sacrifice in the fire of self-discipline and restraining the senses lead a life of self control. The householders offer the sense objects themselves into the senses and while enjoying sense objects remain unattached. They offer the sense objects as oblations into their senses which they envision to be the fire.
Lord Krishna speaks of the different grades and types of yagnas or offerings and worship and the goals desired. Although the word daivam may refer to the demigods; it can also refer exclusively to the resplendent Supreme Lord who verily is the ultimate goal of all yagnas by those exclusively devoted to Him. Thus the propitiation of the Supreme Lord is the distinctive superior attribute of performance of action. For the spiritually intelligent situated in atma tattva there exists nothing else. Every action even every breath is a yagna dedicated to the Supreme Lord. Yagna is verily the Supreme Lord so by this yagna is performed within yagna. In this way it can be understood that everything offered in yagna is of the Brahman or the spiritual substratum pervading all existence. Now begins the summation. One who perceives the Brahman pervading everywhere there exists nothing else for them except the personal communion with the resplendent Supreme Lord, who to reciprocate with His devotee becomes the very yagna which is being performed. In the fire of the yagna, in the offerings of havih or ghee and grainseeds, in the paraphernalia being used to perform the yagna. In the form of yagna the goal of yagna being the Supreme Lord is verily being offered to Himself. Thus everything becomes the Brahman. Through His propitiation performed according to Vedic injunctions all the sense organs like eyes and tongue are brought under control and all the sense become neutralised and passive. In the Brihadaranya Upanisad I.IV.X it is stated that the Brahman alone was in the beginning and it knew itself as the Brahman and then the Brahman manifested into the all. Whosoever amongst the demigods becomes awakened to this consciousness indeed becomes similar to this consciousness. It is the same for elevated beings and the same for sages and yogis and it is the same for humans.
Those practising celibacy offer all their senses such as hearing and seeing into the fire of their controlled mind and this is their yagna or worship to the Supreme Lord Krishna. The yagna that the grihastas or married householders perform is to symbolically offer the sense objects they enjoy into the fire of the senses that enjoy them in an attempt to appease their appetites for gratifying themselves in enjoyment.
Those practising celibacy offer all their senses such as hearing and seeing into the fire of their controlled mind and this is their yagna or worship to the Supreme Lord Krishna. The yagna that the grihastas or married householders perform is to symbolically offer the sense objects they enjoy into the fire of the senses that enjoy them in an attempt to appease their appetites for gratifying themselves in enjoyment.
Shrotraadeeneendriyaanyanye samyamaagnishu juhwati; Shabdaadeen vishayaananya indriyaagnishu juhwati.
śhrotra-ādīni—such as the hearing process; indriyāṇi—senses; anye—others; sanyama—restraint; agniṣhu—in the sacrficial fire; juhvati—sacrifice; śhabda-ādīn—sound vibration, etc; viṣhayān—objects of sense-gratification; anye—others; indriya—of the senses; agniṣhu—in the fire; juhvati—sacrifice
