अव्यक्ताद्व्यक्तयः सर्वाः प्रभवन्त्यहरागमे।
रात्र्यागमे प्रलीयन्ते तत्रैवाव्यक्तसंज्ञके।।8.18।।
।।8.18।।ब्रह्माजीके दिनके आरम्भकालमें अव्यक्त(ब्रह्माजीके सूक्ष्मशरीर) से सम्पूर्ण प्राणी पैदा होते हैं और ब्रह्माजीकी रातके आरम्भकालमें उसी अव्यक्तमें सम्पूर्ण प्राणी लीन हो जाते हैं।
।।8.18।। (ब्रह्माजी के) दिन का उदय होने पर अव्यक्त से (यह) व्यक्त (चराचर जगत्) उत्पन्न होता है और (ब्रह्माजी की) रात्रि के आगमन पर उसी अव्यक्त में लीन हो जाता है।।
।।8.18।। व्याख्या -- अव्यक्ताद्व्यक्तयः ৷৷. तत्रैवाव्यक्तसंज्ञके -- मात्र प्राणियोंके जितने शरीर हैं उनको यहाँ व्यक्तयः और चौदहवें अध्यायके चौथे श्लोकमें मूर्तयः कहा गया है। जैसे जीवकृत सृष्टि अर्थात् मैं और मेरापन को लेकर जीवकी जो सृष्टि है जीवके नींदसे जगनेपर वह सृष्टि जीवसे ही पैदा होती है और नींदके आ जानेपर वह सृष्टि जीवमें ही लीन हो जाती है। ऐसे ही जो यह स्थूल समष्टि सृष्टि दीखती है वह सबकीसब ब्रह्माजीके जगनेपर उनके सूक्ष्मशरीरसे अर्थात् प्रकृतिसे पैदा होती है और ब्रह्माजीके सोनेपर उनके सूक्ष्मशरीरमें ही लीन हो जाती है। तात्पर्य यह हुआ कि ब्रह्माजीके जगनेपर तो सर्ग होता है और ब्रह्माजीके सोनेपर प्रलय होता है। जब ब्रह्माजीकी सौ वर्षकी आयु बीत जाती है तब महाप्रलय होता है जिसमें ब्रह्माजी भी भगवान्में लीन हो जाते हैं। ब्रह्माजीकी जितनी आयु होती है उतना ही महाप्रलयका समय रहता है। महाप्रलयका समय बीतनेपर ब्रह्माजी भगवान्से प्रकट हो जाते हैं तो महासर्ग का आरम्भ होता है (गीता 9। 7 8)।
।।8.18।। See Commentary under 8.19.,
8.18 With the coming of day all manifested things emerge from the Unmanifest and when night comes they merge in that itself which is called the Unmanifested.
8.18 From the Unmanifested all the manifested (worlds) proceed at the coming of the day; at the coming of the night they dissolve verily into ï1thatï1 alone which is called the Unmanifested.
8.18. While the day approaches, all manifestations issue forth from the unmanifest and while the night approaches they dissolve into the same that bears the name the unmanifest.
8.18 अव्यक्तात् from the Unmanifested? व्यक्तयः the manifested? सर्वाः all? प्रभवन्ति proceed? अहरागमे at the coming of day? रात्र्यागमे at the coming of night? प्रलीयन्ते dissolve? तत्र there? एव verily? अव्यक्तसंज्ञके in that which is called the Unmanifested.Commentary When Brahma awakes? all manifestations? moving and unmoving (animate and inanimate) stream forth at the coming of the day from the Avyakta or the Unmanifested. When Brahma goes to sleep? all the manifestations merge in the Unmanifested? for the cosmic night has set in.Coming of the day Commencement of creation.Coming of the night Commencement of dissolution. (Cf.IX.7and8)
8.18 Ahar-agame, with the coming of day, at the time when Brahma wakes; sarvah vyaktayah, all manifested things, all things that get manifested, all creatures characterized as moving and non-moving; prabhavanti, emerge, become manifested; avyaktat, from the Unmanifested-avyakta (Unmanifested) is the state of sleep of Prajapati; from that avyakta. Similarly, ratri-agame, when night comes, at the time when Brahma sleeps; praliyante, they, all the manifested things, merge; tatra eva, in that itself; avyakta-sanjnake, which is called the Unmanifested referred to above. In order to obviate the defect of the emergence of some unmerited result and the destruction of merited results; [The following verse says that the very same multitude of beings continues in the different cycles of creation, and there-fore these two defects do not arise.] for pointing out the meaningfulness of the scriptures [For the earlier reason the scriptures do not lose their validity.] dealing with bondage and Liberation; and with a view to propounding detachment from the world on the ground that the helpless multitude of beings perishes after being born again and again under the influence of accumulated results of actions that have for their origin such evils as ignorance etc. [The five evils are: ignorance, egoism, attachment, aversion and clinging to life. (See P. Y. Su. 2.3)], the Lord says this:
8.18 See Comment under 8.19
8.18 Thus, at the dawn of a day of Brahma, the manifest entities existing in the three worlds, possessing body, senses, objects, and places of enjoyment appear from the non-manifest (Avyakta), which is the condition of Brahmas body in that state, and at the beginning of the night they are dissolved into the condition of the unevolved (Avyakta) which forms the body of Brahma then.
Those who are inferior, residing within the three planetary systems, perish day after day. Madhusudana Sarasvati says: the word avyakta refers to Brahma in his sleeping state (not a total dissolution), since during the daily creation and dissolution of the universe, the elements remain intake. Then from a sleeping state (avyaktat), through Brahma, the places of enjoyment in the form of bodies and objects of enjoyment manifest (vyaktaya), or become suitable for use. At the coming of night, when Brahma sleeps, everything disappears within him.
What subsequently is the process? Lord Krishna is answering. From the unmanifest form of the effect is the cause. Therefore from the unmanifest which is the cause, all created beings, moving or stationary come into existence. When is this? At the commencement of Brahmas day every 4 billion 320 million years and at the end of Brahmas day all created beings are merged back into the unmanifest for 4 billion 320 million years. This verse clarifies that the knowers of day and night also know the cycle of the unmanifest and the manifest and what happens to all created beings.
Avyaktaadvyaktayah sarvaah prabhavantyaharaagame; Raatryaagame praleeyante tatraivaavyaktasamjnake.
avyaktāt—from the unmanifested; vyaktayaḥ—the manifested; sarvāḥ—all; prabhavanti—emanate; ahaḥ-āgame—at the advent of Brahma’s day; rātri-āgame—at the fall of Brahma’s night; pralīyante—they dissolve; tatra—into that; eva—certainly; avyakta-sanjñake—in that which is called the unmanifest
